{"id":11778,"date":"2022-12-15T09:02:50","date_gmt":"2022-12-15T08:02:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.cerege.fr\/?page_id=11778"},"modified":"2023-01-11T18:42:00","modified_gmt":"2023-01-11T17:42:00","slug":"applications-envitop-copy","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.cerege.fr\/fr\/equipements\/poles-techniques\/isotopes-radiogeniques-et-non-conventionnels-envitop\/applications-envitop-copy\/","title":{"rendered":"Applications ENVITOP"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"11778\" class=\"elementor elementor-11778\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-3dbbd13d elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-min-height elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-items-middle\" data-id=\"3dbbd13d\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6a75256e\" data-id=\"6a75256e\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-282a7f9e elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"282a7f9e\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-3f857551\" data-id=\"3f857551\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-15a98403 elementor-widget elementor-widget-shortcode\" data-id=\"15a98403\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"shortcode.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-shortcode\"><nav aria-label=\"breadcrumbs\">\n            <div class=\"breadcrumb-container theme1\">\n                <ol>\n                                    <\/ol>\n            <\/div>\n        <\/nav>    <script type=\"application\/ld+json\">\n        {\n            \"@context\": \"http:\/\/schema.org\",\n            \"@type\": \"BreadcrumbList\",\n            \"itemListElement\": [\n                            ]\n        }\n    <\/script>\n   \n    <script>\n            <\/script>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-63f9523b elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"63f9523b\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-wide\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-1c244f54\" data-id=\"1c244f54\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-691611b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"691611b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Les comp\u00e9tences d\u00e9velopp\u00e9es autour de la g\u00e9ochimie isotopique au sein de la plateforme ENVITOP trouvent de nombreuses applications qui se r\u00e9partissent en deux grandes cat\u00e9gories\u00a0: la datation par radiochronologie et le tra\u00e7age des sources de mati\u00e8re en contexte g\u00e9ologique.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-56f4dc7c elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"56f4dc7c\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-extended\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-1e4b53b6\" data-id=\"1e4b53b6\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1addf0a7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"1addf0a7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"450\" height=\"282\" src=\"https:\/\/www.cerege.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/microaiguilles-aragonite-450x358-1.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-11726\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.cerege.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/microaiguilles-aragonite-450x358-1.png 450w, https:\/\/www.cerege.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/microaiguilles-aragonite-450x358-1-300x188.png 300w, https:\/\/www.cerege.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/microaiguilles-aragonite-450x358-1-18x12.png 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 450px) 100vw, 450px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a3d93ac elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"a3d93ac\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"410\" height=\"257\" src=\"https:\/\/www.cerege.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/corail-450x333-1.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-11727\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.cerege.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/corail-450x333-1.png 410w, https:\/\/www.cerege.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/corail-450x333-1-300x188.png 300w, https:\/\/www.cerege.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/corail-450x333-1-18x12.png 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 410px) 100vw, 410px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-5230b51b\" data-id=\"5230b51b\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-776f5e7e elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"776f5e7e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Datation absolue par radiochronologie<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-79545f85 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"79545f85\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Le principe de la datation par les radioisotopes se fonde sur la mesure de la radioactivit\u00e9 naturelle dont l\u2019intensit\u00e9 d\u00e9cro\u00eet lentement au cours du temps. Les vitesses de d\u00e9croissance d\u00e9pendant des \u00e9l\u00e9ments \u00e9tudi\u00e9s, elles offrent une gamme d\u2019\u00e9chelles de temps tr\u00e8s large, de l\u2019instantan\u00e9 \u00e0 la dizaine de milliards d\u2019ann\u00e9es. Les pal\u00e9ochronom\u00e8tres naturels mis en \u0153uvre (uranium-thorium, uranium-plomb, plomb-plomb, rubidium-strontium \u2026) sont utilis\u00e9s dans de multiples approches en g\u00e9ologie, hydrologie, pal\u00e9oclimatologie et arch\u00e9ologie.<\/p><p>La m\u00e9thode uranium-thorium couvre des p\u00e9riodes de temps s\u2019\u00e9tendant de quelques milliers \u00e0 quelques centaines de milliers d\u2019ann\u00e9es. Appliqu\u00e9e par exemple \u00e0 la datation des r\u00e9cifs coralliens, elle permet de reconstituer les fluctuations du niveau marin caus\u00e9es par les cycles glaciaires et interglaciaires. On a ainsi pu mettre en \u00e9vidence une br\u00e8ve acc\u00e9l\u00e9ration de la remont\u00e9e du niveau marin eustatique au cours de la derni\u00e8re d\u00e9glaciation. Par ailleurs, des mesures faites sur des coraux fossiles ont \u00e9t\u00e9 compar\u00e9es aux dates obtenues par la m\u00e9thode du carbone 14, ce qui a permis d\u2019am\u00e9liorer les performances des deux techniques. L\u2019\u00e9tude des coraux et des microatolls a \u00e9galement fourni un niveau de pr\u00e9cision in\u00e9gal\u00e9 sur l\u2019\u00e9volution r\u00e9cente des temp\u00e9ratures oc\u00e9aniques et sur les liens entre le climat global et la tectonique locale.<\/p><p>La m\u00e9thode uranium-plomb sert couramment \u00e0 dater les roches d\u2019\u00e2ges compris entre un million et plusieurs milliards d\u2019ann\u00e9es. Elle s\u2019applique notamment \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9tude des carbonates profonds et \u00e0 celle de l\u2019\u00e9volution des r\u00e9servoirs naturels d\u2019hydrocarbures. Les propri\u00e9t\u00e9s g\u00e9ophysiques de ces r\u00e9servoirs \u00e9voluant au cours du temps, l\u2019\u00e9tablissement d\u2019une chronologie de ces ph\u00e9nom\u00e8nes rev\u00eat un int\u00e9r\u00eat crucial pour leur compr\u00e9hension.<\/p><p>Ces m\u00e9thodes de datation permettent encore de mesurer les vitesses de transfert de mati\u00e8re dans les syst\u00e8mes g\u00e9ologiques. La datation des stalagtites et des stalagmites, qui constituent de pr\u00e9cieuses archives pal\u00e9oclimatiques, se fait avantageusement par la m\u00e9thode uranium-thorium. Bien d\u2019autres applications en b\u00e9n\u00e9ficient, comme l\u2019\u00e9tude de la cristallisation des travertins ou celle de la formation de calcite dans les bassins s\u00e9dimentaires.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b87143c elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"b87143c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-1f14cc2a elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"1f14cc2a\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-305ed1f\" data-id=\"305ed1f\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7940a9e9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"7940a9e9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"700\" height=\"437\" src=\"https:\/\/www.cerege.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/lac-tchad.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-11725\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.cerege.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/lac-tchad.jpg 700w, https:\/\/www.cerege.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/lac-tchad-300x187.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.cerege.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/lac-tchad-18x12.jpg 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-72bd450b\" data-id=\"72bd450b\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-59877ee7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"59877ee7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Tra\u00e7age isotopique des mat\u00e9riaux et des fluides dans l\u2019Environnement\n<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7876d024 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7876d024\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>La mesure des isotopes du strontium et du n\u00e9odyme permet de d\u00e9terminer la provenance du calcium dans les carbonates, tandis que celle des isotopes du silicium, du zinc, du cuivre et du fer, notamment dans les sols, permet de mieux comprendre les processus g\u00e9ochimiques, en particulier en milieu pollu\u00e9.<\/p><p>L\u2019hydrog\u00e9ologie fait \u00e9galement appel \u00e0 l\u2019analyse isotopique pour le tra\u00e7age g\u00e9ographique des flux de mati\u00e8re. Les \u00e9tudes sur les circulations d\u2019eau continentales, lacustres, marines et oc\u00e9aniques prennent en compte les isotopes du strontium, du n\u00e9odyme, du plomb, de l\u2019uranium et du radium. Ces marqueurs permettent de pr\u00e9ciser le fonctionnement des lacs, le devenir des aquif\u00e8res, l\u2019\u00e9volution des r\u00e9gimes des deltas et l\u2019alimentation des lagunes. Ainsi l\u2019\u00e9tude du lac Tchad a-t-elle \u00e9t\u00e9 l\u2019occasion de dresser un bilan hydrologique complet de son bassin versant.<\/p><p>Enfin, des programmes de fouilles arch\u00e9ologiques font aussi appel \u00e0 l\u2019isotopie du strontium, du n\u00e9odyme et du plomb, et ont permis de documenter l\u2019occupation de plusieurs ports antiques de M\u00e9diterran\u00e9e.<\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Les comp\u00e9tences d\u00e9velopp\u00e9es autour de la g\u00e9ochimie isotopique au sein de la plateforme ENVITOP trouvent de nombreuses applications qui se r\u00e9partissent en deux grandes cat\u00e9gories\u00a0: la datation par radiochronologie et [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":551,"featured_media":12188,"parent":9152,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-11778","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"acf":[],"publishpress_future_action":{"enabled":false,"date":"2026-05-12 18:41:38","action":"change-status","newStatus":"draft","terms":[],"taxonomy":"","extraData":[]},"publishpress_future_workflow_manual_trigger":{"enabledWorkflows":[]},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cerege.fr\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/11778","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cerege.fr\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cerege.fr\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cerege.fr\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/551"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cerege.fr\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=11778"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/www.cerege.fr\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/11778\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":15004,"href":"https:\/\/www.cerege.fr\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/11778\/revisions\/15004"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cerege.fr\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/9152"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cerege.fr\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/12188"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cerege.fr\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=11778"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}