After training in ecology and geology (mainly palaeontology) in Lyon, and a thesis on nannoplankton (coccolithophores) and orbital cycles in the Miocene (Lyon 1 and Woods-Hole Oceanographic Institution), I joined the CNRS in 1991 at the Laboratoire de Géologie du Quaternaire in Marseille.) I have kept my speciality: nannoplankton - coccolithophores - present and past ecology. I am interested in the influences of natural (e.g. orbital cycles) and anthropogenic (e.g. ocean acidification) changes on these unicellular, autotrophic and calcifying organisms. I am very interested in methodological developments: artificial intelligence to recognise coccoliths after deep learning (first publication in 1997 and used routinely since) - optical method to measure the calcite mass of coccoliths (first publication in 2005).